In 2018, an adult Tigress named Avni or T1 was shot dead in the Yavatmal district of Maharashtra by a civilian hunter accompanied by a team of Forest Department officials. Indian forest officials labelled Avni as the most dangerous ‘man-eater’ in post-independent India. Even before Avni was killed, a score of campaigns by animal activists and wildlife lovers were launched to save the tigress. After Avni was shot dead, her killing was termed as a ‘cold-blooded murder’ by animal lovers. Dr. Sarita Subramaniam, Director, Earth Brigade Foundation and a Tiger activist had taken over as a petitioner for Avni in the High Court and Supreme Court. In her words, she filed several PILs and petitions to bring justice to Avni but as of July 2023, is still waiting for action. As the world observes International Tiger Day 2023 on July 29th, with an aim to conserve Tigers and India’s Project Tiger completes fifty years, Dr. Sarita Subramaniam takes us through the details of the controversial killing of ‘man-eater’ Tigress Avni or T1 and guides us on what we can do as ordinary citizens towards tiger conservation.